The Concept of Restorative Justice in Handling Crimes in the Criminal Justice System



Abstract Views
686

Downloads
504

Citations

Share

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.sidebar##

Submitted Oct 7, 2022
Published Nov 28, 2022
10.24018/ejpolitics.2022.1.5.37

Abstract viewed = 686 times

Table of Contents

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##

Settlement of criminal cases through restorative justice, focusing directly on perpetrators, victims, and the community in the process of resolving criminal cases, Formulation of the problem how the concept of restorative justice in criminal law reform and prospects for the formulation of restorative justice in criminal law reform, using normative research methods. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the concept of restorative justice can become permanent legal politics in building the national criminal law system in the future. The draft Criminal Code has accommodated the principle of restorative justice participation as a method of resolving problems outside the court, so it is very possible if the concept of restorative justice is used as a criminal law reform in Indonesia in the future and the prospects for the formulation of restorative justice in criminal law reform have been adapted in Indonesian law by  the existence of regulations made by law enforcement, where the principle of restorative justice regulated in the internal provisions of case settlement from law enforcement and it is implemented sectoral and doesn’t use a criminal law policy theory approach, namely the renewal of criminal law through the formation of laws and restorative justice theory as a whole,  namely as the approach to the concept of restorative justice.  The response to a restorative justice settlement has received a positive appreciation from the community and law enforcement officials. It is suggested the need to accommodate the settlement of criminal cases through restorative justice against criminal acts in the Criminal Procedure Code and the Criminal Code that will come with certain conditions.  Such a process also needs to be applied at all stages of the examination, starting from the investigation, prosecution, and trial.

Keywords: crime, judicial system, restorative justice.

References

  1. Abdullah, M. Z. (2020). Urgensi perlunya pembaharuan hukum acara pidana nasional di indonesia yang lebih responsive [The urgency of the need for reform of the national criminal procedural law in Indonesia which is more responsive]. Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Batanghari Jambi, 20(1), 281–287.
     Google Scholar
  2. Anonim. (2011). Restorative justice dan peradilan pro-korban [Restorative justice and pro-victim justice]. dalam buku Reparasi dan kompensasi korban dalam restorative justice. Jakarta: Kerjasama LPSK dengan Departemen Kriminologi FISIP UI.
     Google Scholar
  3. Arief, B. N. (1996). Bunga rampai kebijakan hukum pidana [An anthology of criminal law policies]. Bandung: Citra Aditya Bakti.
     Google Scholar
  4. Atmasasmita, R. (2011). Sistem peradilan pidana kontemporer [Contemporary criminal justice system]. Edisi Pertama. Cet. II. Jakarta: Prenada Media Group.
     Google Scholar
  5. Atmasasmita, R. (2012). Teori hukum integratif: rekonstruksi terhadap teori hukum pembangunan dan teori hukum progresif [Integrative legal theory: a reconstruction of developmental legal theory and progressive legal theory]. Yogyakarta: Genta Publishing.
     Google Scholar
  6. Buku I RKUHP Bab III Pemidanaan, Pidana dan Tindakan Bagian Kesatu Pemidanaan Paragraf I Tujuan [Book I RKUHP Chapter III Punishment, Crime and Actions Part One Punishment Paragraph I Purpose].
     Google Scholar
  7. Candra, S. (2013). Restoratif justice: suatu tinjauan terhadap pembaharuan hukum pidana di indonesia, terhadap pembinaan hukum nasional [Restorative justice: a review of the reform of criminal law in Indonesia, towards the development of national law]. Jurnal RechtsVinding: Media Pembaharuan Hukum Nasional, 2(2), 263–277.
     Google Scholar
  8. Dandurand, Y., dkk. (2006). Handbok on Restorative Justice Programmes. New York: United Nations Publication.
     Google Scholar
  9. Efendi, M. (2014). Teori hukum dari perspektif kebijakan: perbandingan dan harmonisasi hukum pidana [Legal theory from a policy perspective: comparison and harmonization of criminal law]. Jakarta: Referensi Gaung Persada Pres Group.
     Google Scholar
  10. Emirzon, J. (2001). Alternatif penyelesaian sengketa di luar pengadilan [Alternative dispute resolution outside the court]. Jakarta: PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
     Google Scholar
  11. Eva Achjani Zulfa, (2009), Keadilan Restoratif [Restorative Justice]. Jakarta: FHUI.
     Google Scholar
  12. Fauzia, A., & Hamdani, F. (2021). Aktualisasi nilai-nilai pancasila dan konstitusi melalui pelokalan kebijakan hak asasi manusia (HAM) di daerah [Actualization of Pancasila and constitutional values through localization of human rights policies in the regions]. Jurnal Indonesia Berdaya, 2(2), 157–166.
     Google Scholar
  13. Fauzia, A., & Hamdani, F. (2021). Penegakan miranda principles melalui pemberian bantuan hukum pendampingan di masa pandemi Covid-19 [Upholding Miranda principles through providing legal assistance during the Covid-19 pandemic]. Seminar Nasional Hukum Universitas Negeri Semarang, 7(1), 1–20.
     Google Scholar
  14. Fauzia, A., & Hamdani, F. (2022). Pembaharuan hukum penanganan tindak pidana korupsi oleh korporasi melalui pengaturan illicit enrichment dalam sistem hukum nasional [Legal renewal for handling corruption by corporations through illicit enrichment arrangements in the national legal system]. Rewang Rencang: Jurnal Hukum Lex Generalis, 3(7), 497–519.
     Google Scholar
  15. Fauzia, A., & Hamdani, F. (2022, May). Restorative justice: antara teori dan praktik [Restorative justice: between theory and practice]. https://hng.co.id/view/article-details?id_post=Restorative-Justice:-Antara-Teori-dan-Praktik-2u7zUYvkES.
     Google Scholar
  16. Fauzia, A., Hamdani, F., & Octavia, D. G. R. (2021). The revitalization of the Indonesian legal system in the order of realizing the ideal state law. Progressive Law Review, 3(1), 12–25.
     Google Scholar
  17. Garner, B. A. (2004). Black’s Law Dictionary. Edisi Delapan. Amerika Serikat: West Publishing CO.
     Google Scholar
  18. Gunawan, T. J. (2015). Konsep pemidanaan berbasis nilai kerugian ekonomi [The concept of punishment based on the value of economic loss]. Yogyakarta: Genta Press.
     Google Scholar
  19. Hamdani, F. (2021). Urgensi penerapan konsep non-conviction bassed dalam praktik asset recovery TPPU di Indonesia [The urgency of implementing the non-conviction-based concept in asset recovery practices for money laundering crimes in Indonesia]. In Rishan, I., Martha, A. E., & Setiawan, D., (Eds.), Hukum Sebagai Penggerak Pembangunan Berkelanjutan di Indonesia. Yogyakarta: FH UII Press.
     Google Scholar
  20. Hamdani, F., Fauzia, A., & Putro, W. D. (2022). A Value of Awareness (Petuah untuk Anak Muda di Abad ke-21). Yogyakarta: Penerbit Samudra Biru.
     Google Scholar
  21. Indonesia, Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945. [The 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia].
     Google Scholar
  22. Indonesia, Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 1 Tahun 1946 Tentang Peraturan Hukum Pidana. [Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 1 of 1946 concerning Criminal Law Regulations].
     Google Scholar
  23. Indonesia, Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 8 Tahun 1981 Tentang Hukum Acara Pidana. [Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 8 of 1981 concerning Criminal Procedure Law].
     Google Scholar
  24. Indonesia, Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 2 Tahun 2002 Tentang Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia. [Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 2 of 2002 concerning the Indonesian National Police].
     Google Scholar
  25. Indonesia, Undang-Undang Nomor 15 Tahun 2019 Tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2011 Tentang Pembentukan Peraturan Perundang-Undangan. [Law Number 15 of 2019 concerning Amendments to Law Number 12 of 2011 concerning Formation of Legislation].
     Google Scholar
  26. Indonesia, Peraturan Kejaksaan Republik Indonesia No. 15 Tahun 2020 tentang penghentian penuntutan berdasarkan keadilan restoratif [Republic of Indonesia Attorney Regulation No. 15 of 2020 concerning termination of prosecution based on restorative justice].
     Google Scholar
  27. Indonesia, Perkap Nomor 7 Tahun 2008 Tentang Pedoman Dasar Strategi dan Implementasi Pemolisian Masyarakat dalam Penyelenggaraan Tugas Polri Perihal Penguatan Struktur Masyarakat. [Regulation of the Chief of Police of the Republic of Indonesia Number 7 of 2008 concerning Basic Guidelines for Strategy and Implementation of Community Policing in the Implementation of Polri's Duties Concerning Community Structure Strengthening].
     Google Scholar
  28. Indonesia, Perkap Nomor 6 Tahun 2019 yang menegaskan pemberlakuan konsep keadilan restoratif untuk menghentikan perkara pidana di masa penyelidikan atau di masa penyidikan selama SPDP belum dikirim ke Jaksa Penuntut Umum. [Regulation of the Chief of Police of the Republic of Indonesia Number 6 of 2019 which emphasizes the application of the concept of restorative justice to stop criminal cases during the investigation period or during the investigation period as long as the SPDP has not been sent to the Public Prosecutor].
     Google Scholar
  29. Indonesia, Surat Keputusan (SK) Direktur Jenderal Badan Peradilan Umum (Dirjen Badilum) MA Nomor: 1691/DJU/SK/PS.00/12/2020 tentang Pemberlakuan Pedoman Penerapan Keadilan Restoratif. [Decree of the Director General of the General Court of Justice (Dirjen Badilum) MA Number: 1691/DJU/SK/PS.00/12/2020 concerning Enforcement of Guidelines for the Implementation of Restorative Justice].
     Google Scholar
  30. Indonesia, Peraturan Jaksa Agung Nomor 15 Tahun 2020 tentang Penghentian Penuntutan Berdasarkan Keadilan Restoratif. [Attorney General Regulation Number 15 of 2020 concerning Termination of Prosecution Based on Restorative Justice].
     Google Scholar
  31. Indonesia, Peraturan Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor 8 Tahun 2021 Tentang Penanganan Tindak Pidana Berdasarkan Keadilan Restoratif. [Republic of Indonesia National Police Regulation Number 8 of 2021 concerning Handling of Crimes Based on Restorative Justice].
     Google Scholar
  32. Indonesia, Surat Edaran Kapolri Nomor: SE/8/VII/2018 tanggal 27 Juli 2018 Tentang Penerapan Keadilan Restoratif Dalam Penyelesaian Perkara Pidana. [Chief of Police Circular Letter Number: SE/8/VII/2018 dated 27 July 2018 Concerning the Application of Restorative Justice in Settlement of Criminal Cases].
     Google Scholar
  33. Indonesia, Surat Kapolri No Pol: B/3022/XII/2009/SDEOP tanggal 14 Desember 2009 tentang Penanganan Kasus Melalui Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) serta Peraturan Kepala Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor 7 Tahun 2008 Tentang Pedoman Dasar Strategi dan Implementasi Kepolisian Masyarakat Dalam Penyelenggaraan Tugas Polri. [Police Chief's Letter No. Pol: B/3022/XII/2009/SDEOP dated December 14, 2009 concerning Handling Cases Through Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) and Regulation of the Head of the National Police of the Republic of Indonesia Number 7 of 2008 concerning Basic Guidelines for Strategy and Implementation of Community Police in Carrying Out Their Duties Police].
     Google Scholar
  34. Indonesia, Telegram Kabareskrim No. STR/583/VIII/2012 tanggal 08 Agustus 2012 tentang Penerapan Restorative Justice. [Telegram Kabareskrim No. STR/583/VIII/2012 dated 08 August 2012 concerning the Implementation of Restorative Justice].
     Google Scholar
  35. Malarangan, K., Nurhayati, & Qalbi, V. N. (2022). The premeditated murder in the family: Reconstruction of criminal weighting. Jurnal Faculty of Law Tadulako, 7(1), 121–131.
     Google Scholar
  36. Manan, A. (2009). Aspek-aspek pengubah hukum [Legal modifier aspects]. Jakarta: Kencana Prenada Media.
     Google Scholar
  37. Minor, K. I., and Morrison, J. T. (1996). A theoretical study and critique of restorative justice. In Galaway, B., & Hudson, J., (Eds.), Restorative Justice: International Perspectives. Monsey: Amsterdam.
     Google Scholar
  38. Moh. Mahfud M. D. (2018). Politik hukum di Indonesia [Legal politics in Indonesia]. Cet Ke-8. Edisi Revisi. Jakarta: PT. Raja Grahindo Persada.
     Google Scholar
  39. Mudzakkir dkk. (2008). Perencanaan pembangunan hukum nasional bidana hukum pidana dan sistem pemidanaan (politik hukum dan pemidanaan) [Planning for the development of national law in criminal law and punishment systems (legal politics and sentencing)]. Jakarta: Departemen Hukum dan HAM, Badan Pembinaan Hukum Nasional.
     Google Scholar
  40. Muhammad, R. (2011). Sistem peradilan pidana indonesia [Indonesian criminal justice system]. Yogyakarta: UII Press.
     Google Scholar
  41. Muladi dan Arief, B. N. (1984). Teori-teori dan kebijakan pidana [Criminal theories and policies]. Bandung: Alumni.
     Google Scholar
  42. Muladi dan Sulistyani, D. (2013). Pertanggungjawaban pidana korporasi [Corporate criminal liability]. Bandung: PT Alumni.
     Google Scholar
  43. Nasution, B. J. (2008). Metode penelitian ilmu hukum. [Legal science research methods]. Cet. Ke-1. Bandung: Mandar Maju.
     Google Scholar
  44. Otje Salman, H. R. (2007). Kesadaran hukum masyarakat terhadap hukum waris. [Public legal awareness of inheritance law]. Bandung: PT Alumni.
     Google Scholar
  45. Rahardjo, S. (1980). Hukum dan masyarakat [Law and society]. Bandung: Angkasa.
     Google Scholar
  46. Rahardjo, S. (2003). Sisi-sisi lain dari hukum di Indonesia [Other sides of the law in Indonesia]. Jakarta: Kompas.
     Google Scholar
  47. Rahardjo, S. (2009). Penegakan hukum suatu tinjauan sosiologis [Law enforcement a sociological review]. Yogyakarta: Genta Publishing.
     Google Scholar
  48. Rampadio, H., Fauzia, A., & Hamdani, F. (2022). The urgency of arrangement regarding illicit enrichment in indonesia in order to eradication of corruption crimes by corporations. Jurnal Pembaharuan Hukum, 9(2), 225–241.
     Google Scholar
  49. Supeno, B. J. (2016). Efektivitas kebijakan kriminal dalam penanggulangan tindak pidana narkotika (dalam kerangka pembaharuan hukum nasional) [The effectiveness of criminal policies in dealing with narcotics crimes (within the framework of national law reform)]. Jurnal Hukum dan Dinamika Masyarakat, 14(1), 1–15.
     Google Scholar
  50. Sutiyoso, B. (2006). Penyelesaian sengketa bisnis, solusi dan antisipasi bagi peminat bisnis dalam menghadapi sengketa kini dan mendatang [Settlement of business disputes, solutions and anticipation for business enthusiasts in dealing with current and future disputes]. Yogyakarta: Citra Media.
     Google Scholar
  51. Utomo, S. (2014). Sistem pemidanaan dalam hukum pidana yang berbasis restorative justice [Criminal justice system based on restorative justice]. Jurnal Mimbar Justitia Fakultas Hukum Universitas Suryakancana, 5(1), 1–39.
     Google Scholar
  52. Winarno, B. (2002). Teori dan proses kebijakan [Theory and policy process]. Yogyakarta: Media Presindo.
     Google Scholar
  53. Zulfa, E. A. (2010). Keadilan restoratif dan revitalisasi lembaga adat di Indonesia [Restorative justice and revitalization of customary institutions in Indonesia]. Jurnal Kriminologi Indonesia, 6(2), 182–203.
     Google Scholar